Challenges and mitigation strategies for implementing a sustainable supply chain in Bangladesh’s dairy industry: a case study on BRAC Dairy & Food Project

Abstract

This study explores the challenges and mitigation strategies of implementing sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) in Bangladesh’s dairy sector, with a focus on the BRAC Dairy & Food Project (Aarong Dairy). A mixed-methods case study was conducted with 47 respondents across different supply chain roles, combining survey data with open-ended questions. Quantitative analysis included descriptive statistics, reliability testing, correlation, ANOVA, and multiple regression, while thematic analysis provided qualitative depth. The findings show that awareness of sustainability is high, and most stakeholders see it as essential for BRAC Dairy’s long-term success. However, persistent barriers remain, such as seasonal disruptions, the high cost of eco-friendly technologies, weak infrastructure, and consumer demand for cheaper products. Cold chain investments stood out as the most effective intervention. Regression analysis further revealed that logistics strategies, waste reduction practices, and farmer engagement were significant predictors of effectiveness, while procurement practices were not. The study emphasizes that real progress in sustainability depends on balancing economic, environmental, and social dimensions of the supply chain. Key recommendations include adopting renewable energy, introducing biodegradable packaging, expanding farmer training and incentives, and ensuring stronger government support. This research contributes to SSCM literature by situating the triple bottom line within a smallholder driven dairy industry. It also offers practical guidance for policymakers, supply chain managers, and development practitioners in Bangladesh and other emerging economies.