Combined effect of Cefixime and Azithromycin against multiple antibiotics resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Pneumonia is a lung infection with a variety of possible causes. It can be a severe disease with an infection of bacteria, virus or fungus. The lungs are inflamed and the tiny air sacs become filled with fluid inside. Infants, young children and people over the age of 65 suffer most because they have a vulnerable immune system. Two major pathogens causing pneumonia that were studied are Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The objective of the present study was to design a new method to manage antibiotic resistance against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A total of 30 bacterial samples of lung infection were studied against 10 antibiotics of different classes. The primary screening was accomplished with the combination of cefixime with other antibiotics to understand the synergistic effect. Cefixime disc combined with azithromycin antibiotic solution gave the synergistic effect. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed individually with cefixime and azithromycin. A high number of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed more susceptibility to azithromycin compared to that of cefixime. Then the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was generated combining both cefixime and azithromycin. Furthermore, the results were interpreted with FIC index after calculating the FIC (Fractional inhibitory concentration).